warfarin

中文别名：华法林
中文释义：杀鼠灵;华法令;华法林;4-羟基-3-(3-氧代-1-苯基丁基)-2H-1-苯并吡喃-2-酮;灭鼠灵;法华林
英文别名：warfarin;
4-hydroxy-3-[(1RS)-3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl]coumarin;
X 115;
Elixex;
accurb;
duraphy;
unidur;
austyn;
Slo-PhyllinTM;
1,3-dimethylxanthine;
zoocoumarin;
Warfarin;
3,7-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione;
4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one;
asmax;
Unifyl;
Nuelin;
rac-4-hydroxy-3-[(1R)-3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl]-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one;
(RS)-3-(α-acetonylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin
cas No.：81-81-2
分子式：
C19H16O4
分子量：308.32800
精确分子量：308.10500
PSA：67.51000
MDL：MFCD00006854
InChI：InChI=1/C19H16O4/c1-12(20)11-15(13-7-3-2-4-8-13)17-18(21)14-9-5-6-10-16(14)23-19(17)22/h2-10,15,21H,11H2,1H3
分子结构式：

物化性质

外观与性状：

白色至灰白色结晶粉末

密度：

1.307 g/cm3

熔点：

162-164 °C(lit.)

沸点：

356°C

闪点：

188.8ºC

水溶解性：

Practically insoluble

存储条件/存储方法：

库房通风低温干燥,与食品原料分开储运

其它信息：

1.性状：无色、无臭、无味的结晶。

2.密度（g/mL,25/4℃）：不确定

3.相对蒸汽密度（g/mL,空气=1）：不确定

4.熔点（ºC）：159～161℃

5.沸点（ºC,常压）：不确定

6.沸点（ºC,5.2kPa）：不确定

7.折射率：不确定

8.闪点（ºC）：不确定

9.比旋光度（º）：不确定

10.自燃点或引燃温度（ºC）：不确定

11.蒸气压（kPa,25ºC）：不确定

12.饱和蒸气压（kPa,60ºC）：不确定

13.燃烧热（KJ/mol）：不确定

14.临界温度（ºC）：不确定

15.临界压力（KPa）：不确定

16.油水（辛醇/水）分配系数的对数值：不确定

17.爆炸上限（%,V/V）：不确定

18.爆炸下限（%,V/V）：不确定

19.溶解性：易溶于碱的水溶液，溶于丙酮、二氧六环，中等程度溶于甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇及某些油类，不溶于水、苯、环己烷。

安全信息

外观与性状：

白色至灰白色结晶粉末

密度：

1.307 g/cm3

熔点：

162-164 °C(lit.)

沸点：

356°C

闪点：

188.8ºC

水溶解性：

Practically insoluble

存储条件/存储方法：

库房通风低温干燥,与食品原料分开储运

其它信息：

1.性状：无色、无臭、无味的结晶。

2.密度（g/mL,25/4℃）：不确定

3.相对蒸汽密度（g/mL,空气=1）：不确定

4.熔点（ºC）：159～161℃

5.沸点（ºC,常压）：不确定

6.沸点（ºC,5.2kPa）：不确定

7.折射率：不确定

8.闪点（ºC）：不确定

9.比旋光度（º）：不确定

10.自燃点或引燃温度（ºC）：不确定

11.蒸气压（kPa,25ºC）：不确定

12.饱和蒸气压（kPa,60ºC）：不确定

13.燃烧热（KJ/mol）：不确定

14.临界温度（ºC）：不确定

15.临界压力（KPa）：不确定

16.油水（辛醇/水）分配系数的对数值：不确定

17.爆炸上限（%,V/V）：不确定

18.爆炸下限（%,V/V）：不确定

19.溶解性：易溶于碱的水溶液，溶于丙酮、二氧六环，中等程度溶于甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇及某些油类，不溶于水、苯、环己烷。

毒理性

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: GN4550000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Coumarin, 3-(alpha-acetonylbenzyl)-4-hydroxy-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 81-81-2

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 1293536

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 64

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C19-H16-O4

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 308.35

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: T66 BOVJ DYR&1V1 EQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 15 mg/kg/21W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Gastrointestinal - ulceration or bleeding from small intestine Blood - change in clotting factors

REFERENCE :: SMJOAV Southern Medical Journal. (Southern Medical Assoc., POB 2446, Birmingham, AL 35205) V.1- 1908- Volume(issue)/page/year: 75,242,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 6667 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: YKYUA6 Yakkyoku. Pharmacy. (Nanzando, 4-1-11, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 28,329,1977

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 10200 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - hemorrhage

REFERENCE :: CMEP** "Clinical Memoranda on Economic Poisons," U.S. Dept. HEW, Public Health Service, Communicable Disease Center, Atlanta, GA, 1956 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,1,1956

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1600 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,327,1967

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 320 mg/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 22(7),49,1978

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - chromodacryorrhea Behavioral - muscle weakness Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - hematuria

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 22(7),49,1978

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 420 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,156,1959

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 50 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: YKYUA6 Yakkyoku. Pharmacy. (Nanzando, 4-1-11, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,397,1979

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 3 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DEVEAA Defense des Vegetaux. (Federation Nationale des Groupements de Protection des Cultures, 149, rue de Bercy, 75595 Paris Cedex, 12, France) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 43(255-256),20,1989

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 750 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: EJMCA5 European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry--Chimie Therapeutique. (Editions Scientifiques Elsevier, 29 rue Buffon, F-75005, Paris, France) V.9- 1974- Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,531,1995

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - food intake (animal)

REFERENCE :: TIVSAI Trudy, VNIIVS. Transactions of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation. (VNIIVS, Moscow, USSR) V.11- 1957- Volume(issue)/page/year: 58,122,1977

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 165 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 27ZIAQ "Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,274,1973

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 60 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: YKYUA6 Yakkyoku. Pharmacy. (Nanzando, 4-1-11, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,397,1979

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 3 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DEVEAA Defense des Vegetaux. (Federation Nationale des Groupements de Protection des Cultures, 149, rue de Bercy, 75595 Paris Cedex, 12, France) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 43(255-256),20,1989

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 6 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DEVEAA Defense des Vegetaux. (Federation Nationale des Groupements de Protection des Cultures, 149, rue de Bercy, 75595 Paris Cedex, 12, France) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 32,27,1978

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DEVEAA Defense des Vegetaux. (Federation Nationale des Groupements de Protection des Cultures, 149, rue de Bercy, 75595 Paris Cedex, 12, France) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 32,27,1978

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DEVEAA Defense des Vegetaux. (Federation Nationale des Groupements de Protection des Cultures, 149, rue de Bercy, 75595 Paris Cedex, 12, France) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 32,27,1978

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 180 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DEVEAA Defense des Vegetaux. (Federation Nationale des Groupements de Protection des Cultures, 149, rue de Bercy, 75595 Paris Cedex, 12, France) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 32,27,1978

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Bird - chicken

DOSE/DURATION :: 942 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Blood - hemorrhage

REFERENCE :: BECTA6 Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 37,544,1986 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 11250 ug/kg/90D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)

REFERENCE :: TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1000(Suppl 1),141,1980

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 17800 ug/kg/10D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :: ESDBAK Eisei Dobutsu. Sanitary Zoology. (Nippon Eisei Dobutsu Gakkai, c/o Kokuritsu Yobo Eisei Kenkyusho Eisei Konchubo, 2-10-35 Kami-osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 32,251,1981

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 16 mg/m3/4H/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - normocytic anemia Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 22(7),49,1978

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 12 mg/kg/6D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - change in clotting factors Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :: YKYUA6 Yakkyoku. Pharmacy. (Nanzando, 4-1-11, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,1385,1980

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 686 mg/kg/28D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - food intake (animal) Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :: AECTCV Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 070944) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,357,1987 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 28 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-20 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

REFERENCE :: ADCHAK Archives of Disease in Childhood. (British Medical Journal, POB 560B, Kennebunkport, ME 04046) V.1- 1926- Volume(issue)/page/year: 55,139,1980

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 8400 ug/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-8 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue)

REFERENCE :: AJOGAH American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. (C.V. Mosby Co., 11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63146) V.1- 1920- Volume(issue)/page/year: 127,191,1977

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 33600 ug/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-32 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - respiratory system Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical

REFERENCE :: AJOGAH American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. (C.V. Mosby Co., 11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63146) V.1- 1920- Volume(issue)/page/year: 127,191,1977

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

DOSE :: 12 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 27-31 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

REFERENCE :: JMSHAO Journal of the Mount Sinai Hospital (New York). (New York, NY) V.1-36, 1934-69. For publisher information, see MSJMAZ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,562,1959

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

DOSE :: 6450 ug/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 27-33 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

REFERENCE :: JMSHAO Journal of the Mount Sinai Hospital (New York). (New York, NY) V.1-36, 1934-69. For publisher information, see MSJMAZ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,562,1959

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

DOSE :: 240 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 2-3 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)

REFERENCE :: CCPTAY Contraception. (Geron-X, Inc., POB 1108, Los Altos, CA 94022) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,279,1971

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

DOSE :: 10 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 8-28 day(s) after conception

REFERENCE :: BLOOAW Blood. (Grune & Stratton, Inc., 465 S. Lincoln Dr., Troy, MO 63379) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 36,623,1970 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.1 mg/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW BJOPAL British Journal of Ophthalmology. (British Medical Journal, Box 560B, Kennebunkport, ME 04046) V.1- 1917- Volume(issue)/page/year: 64,633,1980 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AJHGAG American Journal of Human Genetics. (Univ. of Chicago Press, Journals Div., POB 37005, Chicago, IL 60637) V.1- 1949- Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,104A,1978 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AJMEAZ American Journal of Medicine. (Technical Pub., 875 Third Ave., New York, NY 10022) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 68,122,1980 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,279,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 0.1 mg/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.1 mg/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 0.1 mg/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.1 mg/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;STEL 0.3 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.001 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;STEL 0.5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;STEL 0.3 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO WARFARIN-air:10H TWA 0.1 mg/m3REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 76610 No. of Facilities: 2535 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 5 No. of Employees: 26783 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 76610 No. of Facilities: 446 (estimated) No. of Industries: 6 No. of Occupations: 8 No. of Employees: 6131 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 1874 (estimated)

毒理学数据：: 雄性大鼠、雌性大鼠、小鼠、兔经口分别为LD₅₀323mg/kg、58mg/kg、374mg/kg、约800mg/kg；另有报道雄性大鼠、雌性大鼠经口LD₅₀：100.3mg/kg、8.7mg/kg。对家禽如鸡、鸭、牛、羊毒力较小，对猪、狗、猫较敏感。

分子结构与计算化学数据

分子结构数据

1、摩尔折射率：84.44

2、摩尔体积（cm³/mol）：235.7

3、等张比容（90.2K）：652.4

4、表面张力（dyne/cm）：58.6

5、极化率（10^-24cm³）：33.47

计算化学数据

1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:无

2.氢键供体数量:1

3.氢键受体数量:4

4.可旋转化学键数量:4

5.互变异构体数量:9

6.拓扑分子极性表面积63.6

7.重原子数量:23

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:502

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:1

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1